The article analyzes the concept of a bivalent defect of modulus in the residue number system
or modular arithmetic. This natural redundancy phenomenon occurs when the remainders of the
modular representation of a number are displayed in binary registers of the bit grid in a specialized modular processor. Methods for reducing bivalent defects are systematized. The problem of rational choice of the modulus for the residue number system to reduce redundancy from a bivalent defect is analyzed. This choice is connected with the fact that all the moduli of modular arithmetic, except, possibly, for one, are coprime numbers with the power of two, which leads to a certain redundancy when displaying the modulo remainder.

The paper describes the propagation of an electromagnetic field in a uniformly curved waveguide with a rectangular cross-section. The components of electromagnetic fields and field potentials with ideal boundary conditions on the waveguide surface are found in the curvilinear coordinates associated with the waveguide geometry. The roots of the dispersion equation are determined with consideration of the first curvature correction 1/R for the longitudinal component of the electric field.

The paper proposes the architecture of a complex-valued convolutional neural network, built upon a structure of the discrete wavelet transform. This architecture allows performing multiscale decomposition of a complex signal, thus forming a set of features that can be used for the tasks of signal synthesis and classification. The article presents the results of solving the prediction problem for the values of a chaotic complex signal by a neural network based on the proposed architecture.
The obtained results are compared with the results of solving this problem using real-valued neural networks based on alternative modern approaches. The analysis of the presented complex-valued convolutional network in the frequency domain is also carried out, which was achieved due to a relatively small number of adaptive parameters.

Solution of parametric synthesis tasks at preliminary stages of the technical objects design is not always found under uncertainty related to random nature of the investigated processes. The information on the parameters of the technical objects is received from the experts upon an insufficiency of statistical data. In this situation, it is worth to apply theories considering expert information processing in order to develop theoretical and algorithmical bases for solving the design tasks of parametric synthesis. As a result of study B. Liu’s uncertainty theory is chosen, in which analytical forms for calculating the numerical characteristics of functions depending on uncertain parameters, which are set by experts using uncertainty distribution functions, are derived. The art icle considers the issues of tool software environment used for solving the tasks of design solutions parametric synthesis based on expert and statistical information processing. The prototype of the tool software environment, using which the decision-maker (DM) will get an adaptable tool to establish and apply optimization models where the target functions and limitations depend on random and uncertain parameters is described.

The paper considers the characteristics of vehicle scattering and spatially distributed radar targets. The test results of an aircraft radar operating in polarization modulation of probing signals and forming radar images of the earth's surface are presented. The angular dependence of vehicle scattering characteristics is considered. The mechanisms of radio wave scattering that form the indicatrix of energy and polarization parameters of the GAZ-66 truck are described.

The article considers a comprehensive approach to building analytical and simulation models
of automated control systems. The well-known network approach is used as a modeling formalism, which allows effectively forming models that take into account heterogeneous parallel processes in engineering systems. As an integral component of the model for an automated control system, the E-network interconnected hierarchical structure is used that simulates not only behavior but also thermal modes and reliability. The derived mathematical model provides information about the structure and behavior of the system under study, taking into account the work process of the operator group.

The paper considers the task of traffic flow analysis when a stationary video sensor observes a road section. An algorithm for tracking vehicles moving along road lanes is presented. This algorithm includes the stage of extracting feature points of the object part located in a bounded area of the image. Object area extraction is based on preliminary segmentation results and information about scene geometry. The second stage of the algorithm uses the Lucas–Kanade method with pyramids to track the vehicle. The positive features of this method for optical flow calculation are considered. Approaches to optimizing computational costs in optical flow calculations are proposed. Information about movement direction and speed of the vehicle is used for this purpose. The developed tracking algorithm has been tested during experimental studies. The studies were carried out using real videos оn which vehicle movement on several road lanes is observed. The results of experimental studies have shown the high performance of the proposed algorithm in comparison with the basic algorithm for moving object detection without further tracking. As a result, the number of false detections and omissions of vehicles decreased. The percentage of classification errors also decreased which indicates an increase in the accuracy of estimating the length and speed of detected vehicles.