The paper shows that multipurpose systems using Grant-M, Orlan-10, Phoenix, VT-30E, -45, -440, and Rapira unmanned aerial vehicles provide the most effective monitoring of situations across large task performance areas. The power source for the payload equipment in them is supplied by storage batteries with MDM-R voltage stabilizers. Flight research experiments reveal the low efficiency of secondary power sources and substantiated the need to improve the power supply of target loads of unmanned aircraft systems. The causes of discharge of onboard storage batteries with modular voltage converters are established. The leakage current (consumption) values and the efficiency at idle are measured depending on the input voltage. A circuit diagram of a supply current and voltage control device based on an 8-bit ATmega32U4 microcontroller has been developed. The choice of the chip is conditioned by the possibility of reprogramming internally its memory via a serial SPI interface using a standard programmer. The basic circuit diagram of the microcontroller connection via the I2C and SPI protocols is considered. Software for supporting work with various C++ classes and objects has been created in the Rust language, which made it possible to organize the reception and transmission of information about the monitored currents and voltages of the unmanned aerial vehicle payload via a communication channel to a ground control station. Using modern circuit solutions in power supply circuits, a circuit diagram of a low-power voltage converter based on a switch is proposed and a cyclogram of its operation is prepared. The use of the developed lowpower converter allows reducing the power consumption in a standby mode by up to 50 times

The study is devoted to the analysis of autocorrelation functions and spectra of signals based on Barker codes, both binary and polyphase. The aim of the work is to study the influence of the number of sequence elements and options for providing calculated phase values on the correlation and spectral characteristics of signals. The methodology includes the calculation of normalized autocorrelation functions, estimation of the side lobes level, and spectral analysis, taking into account practical limitations on phase shifters. It is shown that polyphase Barker codes have a more complex structure of autocorrelation functions with irregular side lobes compared to binary codes. As the number of elements increases, the signal spectrum becomes more irregular, approaching the spectrum of a single radio pulse. Since it is practically impossible to set the phase with the required computational accuracy, it is proposed to use a set of specific phase shifters to maintain acceptable correlation properties. Recommendations on the choice of the number of phase shifters to achieve optimal characteristics are presented. The scientific novelty consists in a quantitative assessment of the effect of phase quantization on the properties of polyphase Barker codes and practical recommendations for their implementation.

The article analyzes modern approaches to managing family finances in economic instability. The development of an information-analytical system focused on accounting, control, and analysis of family financial resources is presented. An analysis of existing systems is conducted, and key requirements are identified. The developed system provides users with tools for budget management, setting financial goals, and analyzing expenses, which contribute to improving financial literacy and optimizing resource allocation within the family.

The aim of the study is to reduce workload and exclude subjectivity in assessing the level of flight crew’s proficiency. Assessment is based on the quality of flight technique while performing exercises specified by flight training programs and with consideration of pauses in flights for a given exercise. Automation of flight schedule and flight technique quality assessment processes allows to exclude errors in flight training planning and reliably assess the quality of flight task execution. Automation also enables the creation of predictive models to optimize flight training and, consequently to enhance flight safety and to prevent sending an untrained pilot on the next flight. This article presents an analysis of the subject area, the concept of its further development and the results of the developed software modules’ implementation for pilot proficiency assessment. Practice proved that the complexes objectively and reliably identify pilots who need additional training or check flights, as well as simulator training. The proposed solutions can be implemented as separate software modules for ground-based flight data processing devices and put into practice.

The paper describes a mathematical model of a system capable of compensating for the weight of a structure during modal tests. Kirchhoff’s second law and Newton’s second law describe the behavior of the electrical and mechanical subsystems, respectively, within this model. The Ansys Maxwell software is used to simulate and calculate the parameters of a permanent magnet. We assembled an electrical circuit to experimentally determine the coil’s inductance, and we approximated the obtained data in the MATLAB software environment. As a result of the study, a system of differential equations is formed that describes the dynamics of the electromagnetic weight compensation system.

Crosstalk between different microstrip structures on printed circuit boards has been comprehensively analyzed. The finite difference time domain (FDTD) was used as the analysis method, providing an accurate simulation of electromagnetic wave propagation and, consequently, crosstalk. The frequency range covered by the modelling was up to 10 GHz. This wide range is critical for assessing the impact of crosstalk on high-speed digital and analogue circuits, where parasitic effects can significantly affect performance. Simulations revealed that microstrip lines with double protrusions reduce far end crosstalk (FEXT) by more than 35% compared to parallel lines, but increase near end crosstalk (NEXT) by more than 12%. Lines with alternating protrusions showed good results in reducing FEXT. Parallel serpentine microstrip lines reduced FEXT by more than 10 dB and NEXT by about 2 dB than other structures. The insertion loss (100 MHz – 20 GHz), FEXT, intrinsic resistance in the frequency domain and transmission in the time domain were analyzed based on inductance and capacity parameters, followed by a comparison of traces with and without protrusions. Segmentation-based method for modelling an equivalent trace pattern with trapezoid segments is developed. The proposed model is validated by means of 3D electromagnetic modelling and measurements in the frequency domain.

An important component of the universities’ development at present is their digital transformation, affecting all areas of their activity and leading to the availability of education, flexibility of training, and improvement of its quality. Digital transformation allows adapting to the requirements of the labor market, providing students with the necessary skills and abilities. It also affects the efficiency of managing the educational process and administrative resources, improves interaction among participants. The purpose of this work is to study approaches to the digital transformation of universities, present the results of digitalization using the example of Dagestan State University. The authors study the term “digital university”, identify its characteristic features. This article describes the university’s electronic information and educational environment, covering its constituent parts, main components, and developed digital services.

The paper proposes a method for controlling a robotic manipulator using reinforcement learning with deep neural networks to grasp moving objects on a conveyor belt. Unlike tasks involving static objects, this problem requires the consideration of dynamic factors, which significantly complicates the control process. The paper provides a detailed description of the physical and kinematic modeling of the manipulator, as well as the integration of manipulator and object parameters into the neural network structure. The method is tested in the PyBullet physics simulation environment.

The article presents an analysis of existing knowledge sources in the form of vulnerability databases for automated systems of both Russian and foreign production. Various vulnerability databases, such as the FSTEC of Russia, CVE, NVD, VulDB, JVN and CNNVD, are reviewed and compared by key parameters. The article also presents an analysis of machine text translators such as Yandex Translate, Google Translate, SDL Trados Studio, OmegaT, DeepL Translate, ABBYY Lingvo to select a solution capable of accurate translation of vulnerability information from vulnerability databases of specialized foreign-made tools, taking into account the terminology of the field of knowledge “information security”. We present a method for creating and updating a single vulnerability database by consolidating information security vulnerability information from existing databases for further data processing.

In the era of digitalization, intelligent data analysis has become an integral part of data processing. This article examines the process of extracting and analyzing data from CSV files, compares the dynamics of educational indicators in Russia and New Zealand, and proposes measures to improve educational trends. The study is based on real data, allowing for the identification of patterns and conclusions about the prospects for educational development.